Bismillahi Al-Rahmani Al-Rahim

 Conditions For Martyrs
Q
 What are the conditions and rulings for a martyr?

A
 A martyr, shahid, is someone who
  • dies on the battlefield
  • was killed unjustly
But he is not a martyr if he
  • died by falling from his mount or a high place without it being an act of the enemy
  • is found dead without any outward traces
  • impaled himself on his sword
  • is carried from the battlefield and then eats, drinks, sleeps, speaks, urinates or sneezes
  • remains living for what is customarily considered a long time
It is not a condition that the martry be a male or legally responsible.

As for the rulings for a martry:

A martyr is not washed except when he was in a state of major ritual impurity or the washing is itself obligatory, such as from menstruation, postpartum bleeding or entering Islam.

A martyr is buried in his clothes, even if bloody, after removing weapons and anything made of leather. But if the clothes are mixed with filth, the filth is washed. If the martyr is wearing garments taken from someone he killed during the battle [salabaha] he is buried in something else.

The martyr is not prayed over.

And Allah knows best.

wa al-salamu `alaykum
--musa